Some features of the electron density variations in the ionospheric D-region near Kharkov during the magnetic storm period in December 2006

1Gokov, AM
1V.N. Karazin National University of Kharkiv, Kharkiv, Ukraine
Kosm. nauka tehnol. 2007, 13 ;(6):057-073
https://doi.org/10.15407/knit2007.06.057
Publication Language: Russian
Abstract: 
We investigated some changes of the electron density in the middle latitude ionospheric D-region during a magnetic storm in December 2006 using the partial reflection method. The response of D-region is considered at the beginning and at the end of the storm. Our results are compared with ones obtained in December 2006 before and after the magnetic storm in the undisturbed conditions. We revealed a quasi-periodic increase of electron density in the D-region of more than 50–100 % with periods T ~ 30–60 min during tens of minutes. The ionization rate is estimated. On the basis of the experimental data on electron density changes over the electron and proton precipitation periods corresponding fluxes are found.
Keywords: D-region, electron density, ionization rate
References: 
1. Belikovich V. V., Benediktov E. A., Vyakhirev V. D., Grishkevich L. V. Night ionization of the D region and of the midlatitude ionosphere in the period of magnetic storm. Geomagnetizm i Aeronomiia, 20 (3), 547—548 (1980) [in Russian].
2. Belikovich V. V., Benediktov E. A., Grishkevich L. V., Ivanov V. A. Results of electron concentration measurements in the ionospheric D region during ionospheric disturbances. Izv. vuzov. Radiofizika, 18 (8), 1094—1097 (1975) [in Russian].
3. Brjunelli B. E., Namgaladze A. A. Ionospheric physics, 528 p. (Nauka, Moscow, 1988) [in Russian].
4. Garmash K. P. Regulation of the inverse problem in the method of partial reflections. Vestn. Har'k. gosuniversiteta. Radiofizika i jelektronika, No. 355, 61—64 (1991) [in Russian].
5. Garmash K. P., Lazorenko O. V., Pazura S. A., Chernogor L. F. Earth’s Magnetic Field Fluctuations During the Severe 1999 Geospace Storm. Radio Physics and Radio Astronomy, 8 (3), 253— 265 (2003) [in Russian].
6. Garmash K. P., Chernogor L. F. Generation and propagation of electromagnetic waves associated with conductivity variations,. In: Propagation of radio waves in the ionosphere: Abstracts of All-Union seminar, 70 (Radio i svjaz', Moscow, 1989) [in Russian].
7. Garmash K. P., Chernogor L. F. Influence of the vortex component of the low-frequency electric field generated by heating the ionosphere with powerful radio emission, on the parameters of the wave-particle interaction. In: Satellite studies of ionospheric and magnetospheric processes: Abstracts Intern. Symp., Moscow, December 11 —13, 1995, 30—31 (IZMIRAN, Moscow, 1995) [in Russian].
8. Garmash K. P., Chernogor L. F. Profiles of electron concentration of D -layer of the ionosphere at calm and perturbed conditions using data of partial reflections. Geomagnetizm i Aeronomiia, 36 (2), 75—81 (1996) [in Russian].
9. Garmash K. P., Chernogor L. F. Effects in the near-Earth plasma stimulated by powerful radio emission. Zarubezhnaya radioelektronika. Uspekhi sovremennoi radioelektroniki, No. 6, 17—40 (1998) [in Russian].
10. Garmash K. P., Schwarzburg A. B., Chernogor L. F. The occurrence of large-scale perturbations in the ionosphere initiated by high-power nonstationary radio emission. Komp'juternaja optika, No. 6, 62—71 (1988) [in Russian].
11. Gokov A. M. Response of the Midlatitude Ionospheric D Region to Remote Strong Earthquakes. Geomagnetizm i Aeronomiia, 41 (4), 532—536 (2001) [in Russian].
12. Gokov A. M., Gritchin A. I. Influence of the solar terminator on the mid-latitude D-region of the ionosphere and the characteristics of partially reflected KB signals and radio noise. Geomagnetizm i Aeronomiia, 34 (2), 169—172 (1994) [in Russian].
13. Gokov A. M., Gritchin A. I. Characteristics of Some Disturbances in the Ionospheric D Region during Magnetic Storms and Solar Flares. Kosm. issled., 34 (6), 585—589 (1996) [in Russian].
14. Gokov A. M., Piven' L. A., Fedorenko Iu. P. Determination of the electron density of the ionospheric D-region according to amplitude measurements of partially reflected signals. Radiotekhnika, Is. 93, 108—111 (1990) [in Russian].
15. Gokov A. M., Tyrnov O. F. Some features of the lower ionosphere dynamics, conditioned by the solar terminator. Zarubezhnaya radioelektronika. Uspekhi sovremennoi radioelektroniki, No. 12, 26—32 (2002) [in Russian].
16. Gokov A. M., Tyrnov O. F. The response of the midlatitude D region of the ionosphere on the proton events SPE. Kosm. nauka tehnol. Dodatok, 9 (2), 86—90 (2003) [in Russian].
 
17. Gokov A. M., Tyrnov O. F. Experimental studies of the response of midlatitude ionospheric D region to remote launches and flights of spacecrafts using partial reflections. Geomagnetizm i Aeronomiia, 46 (5), 690—697 (2006) [in Russian].
https://doi.org/10.1134/S0016793206050148
18. Gokov A. M., Tyrnov O. F. Electron density variations in the ionospheric D-region at mid-latitudes during magnetic storm on 7-11 November 2004, conditioned by morning solar terminator. Kosm. nauka tehnol., 12 (5-6), 69—78 (2006) [in Russian].
19. Gokov A. M., Chernogor L. F. Electron density variations in the ionospheric D region at mid-latitudes during magnetic storms. Kosm. nauka tehnol., 11 (5-6), 12—21 (2005) [in Russian].
20. Grigor’ev G. I. Acoustic-gravity waves in the earth’s atmosphere. Izv. vuzov. Radiofizika, 42 (1), 3—24 (1999) [in Russian].
21. Gritchin A. I., Dorokhov V. L., Kontsevaya L. G., et al. Stationary complex of apparatus for studying the lower ionosphere by the method of partial reflections. Vestn. Har'k. un-ta. Radiofizika i jelektronika, No. 318, 21—24 (1988) [in Russian].
22. Danilov A. D. Popular Aeronomy, 230 p. (Gidrometeoizdat, Leningrad, 1989) [in Russian].
23. Knuth R., Wuerzberger I. Midlatitude ionospheric perturbations caused by high-energy particles. Geomagnetizm i Aeronomiia, 16 (4), 666—673 (1976) [in Russian].
24. Knuth R., Fedorova N. I. Coordinated international measurements of geophysical effects of solar activity in the upper atmosphere. IV - Energetic particle precipitation during a baylike disturbance of the midlatitude ionospheric D region. Geomagnetizm i Aeronomiia, 17 (5), 854—861 (1977) [in Russian].
25. Lastovicka J., Fedorova N. I. Coordinated international measurements of the geophysical effects of solar activity in the upper atmosphere. III - Unusual mid-latitude ionospheric disturbance of corpuscular origin. Geomagnetizm i Aeronomiia, 16 (6), 1018—1025 (1976) [in Russian].
26. Lyatsky V. B., Maltsev Yu. P. Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling, 192 p. (Moscow, Nauka, 1983) [in Russian].
27. Mitra A. P. Ionospheric Effects of Solar Flares, 370 p. (Mir, Moscow, 1977) [in Russian].
28. Chernogor L. F. Physics of Earth, Atmosphere, and Geospace from the Standpoint of System Paradigm. Radio Physics and Radio Astronomy, 8 (1), 59—68 (2003) [in Russian].
29. Belrose J. S., Thomas L. Ionization changes in the middle latitude D region associated with geomagnetic storms. J. Atmos. and Terr. Phys., 30, 1397—1413 (1968).
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9169(68)91260-9
30. Chernogor L. F., Garmash K. P., Rozumenko V. T. Flux parameters of energetic particles affecting the middle lati­tude lower ionosphere. Radio Physics and Radio Astronomy, 3 (2), 191— 197 (1998).
31. Danilov A. D., Lastovicka J. Effects of geomagnetic storms on the ionosphere and atmosphere. Int. J. Geomagn. Aeron., 2 (3), 209—224 (2001).
32. Gokov A. M., Tyrnov O. F. Experimental investigations of strong thunderstorms having effects on the middle latitude ionospheric D-region parameters. Telecommunications and Radio Engineering, 53 (7-8), 6—12 (1999).
https://doi.org/10.1615/TelecomRadEng.v53.i7-8.20
33. Gokov A. M., Tyrnov O. F. Experimental investigations of electron density variations in the middle latitude ionospheric D-region during remote strong earthquakes. Telecommunications and Radio Engineering, 55 (5), 8—15 (2001).
https://doi.org/10.1615/TelecomRadEng.v55.i5.20
34. Gokov A. M., Tyrnov O. F. Some features of lower ionosphere dynamics caused by the morning solar terminator. J. Atmos. Electricity, 22 (1), 13—21 (2002).
35. Gokov A. M., Tyrnov O. F. Middle latitude ionospheric d-region responses to solar events as investigated by partial reflection technique. Telecommunications and Radio Engineering, 59 (3-4), 114—134 (2003).
36. Gokov A. M., Tyrnov O. F. Experimental investigations of the middle latitude ionospheric D-region reaction to geomagnetic sudden storm commencements. J. Atmos. Electricity, 23 (1), 21—29 (2003).
37. Gokov A. M., Tyrnov O. F. The ionospheric D-region over Kharkiv during the 14—24 April 2002 magnetic storm. Telecommunications and Radio Engineering, 63 (1), 63—74 (2005).
https://doi.org/10.1615/TelecomRadEng.v63.i1.50
38. Gonzalez W. D., Jozelyn J. A., Kamide Y., et al. What is a geomagnetic storm? J. Geophys. Res., 99 (A4), 5771—5792 (1994).
https://doi.org/10.1029/93JA02867
39. Gurevich A. V. Nonlinear phenomena in the ionosphere, 366 p. (Springer, New York, 1978).
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-87649-3
40. Lastovicka J. Effects of geomagnetic storms in the lower ionosphere, middle atmosphere and troposphere. J. Atmos. and Terr. Phys., 58, 831—843 (1996).
https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9169(95)00106-9
41. Lauter E. A. The post-storm ionization in the upper mesosphere. J. Meteorol., No. 6, 67—73 (1977).
42. Lauter E. A., Knuth R. Precipitation of high energy particles into the upper atmosphere at medium latitudes after magnetic storm. J. Atmos. and Terr. Phys., 29, 411—417 (1967).
https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9169(67)90023-2
43. Peter W. B., Chevalier M. W., Inan U. S. Perturbations of midlatitude subionosphertic VLF signals associated with lower ionospheric disturbances during major geomagnetic storms. J. Geophys. Res., 111, A03301, 1 — 14 (2006).
44. Potemra T. A., Zmuda A. J. Precipitating energetic electrons as an ionization source in the midlatitude nightime D region. J. Geophys. Res., 75 (34), 7161—7166 (1970).
https://doi.org/10.1029/JA075i034p07161
45. Tyrnov O. F., Garmash K. P., Gokov A. M., et al. The radiophysical observatory for remote sounding of the ionosphere. Turkish J. Phys., 18, 1260—1265 (1994).