Observations of GEO and LEO Satellites: Radio Engineering Means of the Mykolaiv Astronomical Observatory
| 1Bushuev, FI, 1Kaliuzhnyi, MP, 1Kriuchkovskyi, VF, 1Kulichenko, MO, 1Shulga, OV, 2Zhang, Z, 3Bezrukovs, V, 4Malynovskyi, Ye.V, 5Reznichenko, OM, 6Bryukhovetsky, OB, 7Tuccari, G 1Scientific-Research Institute «Mykolaiv Astronomical Observatory», Mykolaiv, Ukraine 2Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China 3Ventspils University of Applied Sciences, Ventspils, Latvia 4Rivne Minor Academy of Science of School-Age Youth, Rivne, Ukraine 5Institute of Radio Astronomy of the NAS of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine 6Western Center of Radio Engineering Surveillance, Mukacheve, Ukraine 7Institute for Radio Astronomy, Noto, Italy |
| Space Sci. & Technol. 2022, 28 ;(2):48-53 |
| https://doi.org/10.15407/knit2022.02.048 |
| Publication Language: English |
Abstract: The radio engineering means of the RI “Mykolaiv Astronomical Observatory” are fully passive. To track satellites, they use radio signals emitted by the satellites themselves. Thus, the following means were developed and put into operation: 1) Simple INTerferometer NETwork (SintNet) for monitoring the orbital position of geostationary (GEO) satellites; 2) Doppler station for clarifying the orbital elements of low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites.
Two SintNets operate now: European and Chinese. The European SintNet consists of 10 stations and tracks three co-located satellites simultaneously. The Chinese SintNet consists of four stations and tracks one satellite. The positional error (standard deviation) of satellites is about 200 m. The Doppler station operates in the frequency range 430-440 MHz. Signal spectrum analysis is used to determine the frequency F(t) of the radio signal emitted by an LEO satellite and received by the station at time t. The SGP4/SDP4 analytical model of the satellite motion is applied to analyze F(t) and to clarify the elements of the satellite orbit. Errors in measuring the Doppler frequency shift and time are 4 sm/s and 30 ms, respectively. |
| Keywords: Doppler Effect, geostationary satellites, interferometer, low-Earth orbit satellites |
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