We investigated some events of long-term change of meteorological parameters of the troposphere under the influence of single solar flares of the X-ray type which were accompanied by coronal mass ejection (CME), from 2001 to 2006. It is established that the basic effect on high-altitude profiles of temperature, pressure and damp for northern latitudes from 74 to 60 degrees is produced by CME. At round-the-clock irradiating the troposphere by the Sun, the CME action results in an increase of temperature by more than 10 ºС at heights more than 9 km. At the lower altitudes, the troposphere temperature decreases by the same value. Under the polar night conditions, the profiles of temperature change appear opposite. At altitudes more than 6 km, the atmosphere cools down by about 4 ºС. Lower layers are heated up by the Earth’s radiation by the same magnitude. In all the cases the decrease of atmospheric pressure is detected. At a height of 9 km, the atmospheric pressure can exceed 10 hPa. For all the cases, the troposphere damp decreases across the whole thickness of the mean troposphere. In specific cases similar influence of direct solar protons on the troposphere is detected.