Свободные колебания функционально-градиентных наноармированных цилиндрических оболочек
Рубрика:
| Аврамов, КВ, Чернобрывко, МВ, Успенский, БВ |
| Косм. наука технол. 2019, 25 ;(2):23-37 |
| https://doi.org/10.15407/knit2019.02.023 |
| Язык публикации: Украинский |
Аннотация: В настоящее время в мировом ракетостроении на смену металлам и их сплавам приходят полимерные композитные материалы, армированные углеродными нанотрубками. Это связано с тем, что в условиях высокоинтенсивных нагрузок при одинаковом весе нано-композиты значительно превосходят алюминиевые сплавы по своим прочностным механическим характеристикам. Цилиндрические нанокомпозитные корпусные элементы ракет могут быть армированы углеродными нанотрубками с различным распределением их по толщине матрицы. В настоящее время существует пять основных типов наноармирования, которые приводят к возникновению функционально-градиентного материала по толщине оболочки. При анализе колебаний элементов ракетно-космической техники необходимо рассматривать возможность резонанса между конструкцией и аэродинамическими нагрузкам. Неотъемлемым элементом этого анализа является анализ свободных колебаний оболочки, который проводится с целью определения и предотвращения опасных резонансных режимов. Классические модели колебаний цилиндрических оболочек не позволяют учитывать изменяющиеся по толщине свойства материала.
В данной работе предложен метод анализа свободных колебаний функционально-градиентных нанокомпозитных цилиндрических оболочек, которые могут быть составной частью ракетных комплексов и конструкций самолетов. Рассмотрены зависимости параметров колебаний от типа наноармирования, объемной доли нанотрубок в композите и толщины оболочки. Результаты аналитического исследования сравниваются с численным моделированием методом конечных элементов. Предложенная модель учитывает изменяющиеся по толщине свойства материала для пяти случаев наноармирования. Показано, что отстройка нанокомпозитных оболочек от резонансных режимов может осуществляться путем рационального выбора типа армирования углеродными нанотрубками.
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| Ключевые слова: нанокомпозит, нанотрубка, свободные колебания, собственные частоты, функционально-градиентный материал, цилиндрическая оболочка |
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